The Adams Museum in Deadwood is considered the Black Hills' oldest history museum. Artifacts on display reflect the legends of Wild Bill, Calamity Jane, Deadwood Dick, and the Black Hills Gold Rush. The museum is open year-round and features changing exhibits and special programs. It was founded by Deadwood businessman and former mayor W.E. Adams in 1930. The museum was a gift to the city of Deadwood and it remains city property to this day. Among the exhibits are the J.B. Haggin Locomotive, the Thoen Stone, and Potato Creek Johnny's Gold Nugget. It is located at 54 Sherman Street.

The museum was ranked number 3 among True West Magazine's 2009 Top 10 Western Museums. The Adams Museum and House won the Organizational Award of 2001. The same year it also won the Governor's Award for History display at the Cultural Heritage Center in Pierre, South Dakota. In 2005, it won the American Association for State and Local History.

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